Detailed explanation of the metal composition analysis and testing process
Date：2025-08-26 09:18:12 Classification
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Component analysis is a technology that analyzes the composition of products or samples through microscopic spectra and laser femtosecond detection of molecular structure, and performs qualitative and quantitative analysis of each component. A complete metal composition analysis and testing process, organized in conjunction with laboratory operating procedures and industry standards:
I. Core Testing Methods
Select different techniques based on metal properties and accuracy requirements:
1. Chemical Analysis
- Titration/Gravimetric Methods: Determine the content of major components (e.g., iron, copper alloys)
- Applicable Scenario: High-purity metals (accuracy up to 0.01%)
2. Physical Analysis
- Spark OES: Rapid, simultaneous multi-element analysis (results within 30 seconds)
- X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF): Non-destructive testing, suitable for finished products or coatings
3. Instrumental Analysis
- Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS): Trace heavy metal detection (lead, cadmium, etc., with ppm-level accuracy)
- Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS): Ultra-trace element analysis (ppb-level)
II. Standard Testing Process
Phase 1: Sample Preparation
- Sampling Specifications:
- Solid Metals: Drill/Cut to Obtain Chip Samples (Avoid Oxidation)
- Liquid Metal: Sampling in a Dedicated Quartz Tube (to Prevent Contamination)
- Pretreatment:
- Acid Digestion (Sample Dissolved in a Mixture of Nitric Acid and Hydrofluoric Acid)
- Filtration and Purification (Removing Impurity Interference)
Phase 2: Laboratory Analysis
| Steps | Key Points
| Instrument Calibration | Calibrate Instrument Errors Using Reference Standards (e.g., NIST Series)
| On-Device Testing | Run the Selected Method and Record Spectral/Mass Spectral Data
| Parallel Testing | Average the 3 Tests for the Same Sample (to Ensure Reproducibility)
Phase 3: Data Processing and Reporting
1. Result Verification: Comparison to Industry Limits (e.g., California 65 Lead ≤ 100 ppm)
2. Report Content:
- Sample Information (Batch, Status)
- Testing Method and Equipment (e.g., ICP-MS Instrument Model)
- Element Content Table (in ppm/Percentage)
- Compliance Conclusion (Refer to ISO 17025)
III. Special Scenario Requirements
1. Coated Metals:
- Requires layered testing (e.g., nickel plating requires stripping the substrate for lead testing).
2. Alloy Materials:
- Focus on monitoring impurity elements (e.g., silicon content in aluminum alloys).
3. Export Products:
- Additional testing for California 65 controlled items (lead, cadmium, phthalates, etc.) with an accompanying English report.
IV. Notes on Submitting Products for Inspection by Enterprises
1. Sample Quantity: At least three independent samples (to avoid accidental errors).
2. Institution Selection:
- Look for CNAS/CMA-accredited laboratories (e.g., Shenzhen Dezewei).
3. Turnaround Time and Cost:
- Routine testing: 3-5 business days, expedited testing: 24 hours (cost + 30%).
- Multi-element testing: approximately 800-2000 RMB per sample.
V. Typical Application Scenarios
A [Metal Raw Material Procurement] --> B [Composition Verification]
B --> C [Does it meet the standards? }
C --> | Yes | D [In Production]
C --> | No | E [Supplier Return]
D --> F [Finished Product Inspection]
F --> G [California 65 Compliance Report]
> Note: The report is typically valid for 1-2 years, but regulatory updates (such as new substances added to California 65) require retesting.
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